Improvement in lamps



F. B. SQUIRB.

Lamp.

No. 201,565. Patented Marh19,1a7s.

-INVE NTORT UNITED STATES PATENT' Carien.

FEARGUS B. SQUIRE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IM PROVEM ENT IN LAM PS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,565, dated March 19, 1878 application filed December 24, 1877.

I do hereby declare that in the same is contained a full, clear, and exa-ct description of my said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of lamps wherein the reservoir for the illuminating-fluid is elevated upon a base, to which it is indirectly connected by means of a stem, forming a handle to be used in moving the lamp from place to place; and the said invention consists, first, in extending the said stem entirely through the huid-holding reservoir, and in strengthening the said stem by a suitable filling, so that the point of connection between the stem and reservoir is rendered strong, and not liable to fracture by accidents toV which lamps are ordinarily exposed, and whereby, also, greater weight and solidity are given to the use of the lamp. v

The invention consists, secondly, in providing the duid-holding reservoir with a press ure-equalizing tube, or a tube whereby an equilibrium of pressure is at all times maintained between the vapors in the lamp and the exterior air, and in covering the ends of the said tube with wire-gauze or perforated sheet metal, to prevent the passage of iiame to the interior of the lamp.

The object of the second part of the'invention is to prevent explosion of the fluid-holding reservoir, either from gas or vapor pressure generated therein, or from the introduction of iiametothe reservoir, in consequence of the establishment of a partial vacuum in the same, which partial vacuum may be caused by the contraction of.. the gas or vapor by the sudden chilling or cooling of the lamp, as will hereinafter fully appear.

In the further description of the said invention, which follows, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurel is a sectional elevation of the improved lamp, and Fig. 2 a cross-section of the same on the dotted line y.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in both figures. A is the base of the lamp, to which is secured the stem B. This stem is formed of a pipe or tube, which passes entirely through the reservoir (l, having its upper end adapted or attachment to the burner. The portion of the stem B within or inclosed by the reservoir is hollow, and its interior is in communication with the reservoir by means of one or more apertures covered by Wire-gauze or perforated sheet metal, or by an aggregate of small holes. The part of the stem below the reservoir is lled with cement or other material, to prevent the admission of the illuminating-fluid thereto, and to give weight and solidity to the lamp.

The pressure-equalizing tube, before alluded complete without the reservoir, the said reservoir havingbut one office-viz., that of holding the illuminating-fluid.

It lwill be seen that the equalizing-tube l) furnishes at all times a safety-vent, through which an over-pressure of gas in the lampmay b e relieved, and also an inlet through which air may be forced in by exterior atmospheric pressure, to lill a partial vacuum caused in the lamp by the contraction of the oil, gas, or vapor. This contraction is a common occurrence when lamps are conveyed from :a warm to a cold room 5 and as aflame may be drawn into lamps not properly provided with such a safety appliance as is found in my invention, eXplosiQns by the igniting of the gases are liable to occur.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and wish to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The hollow stem B, extending from the 3. Combined with theuid-reserVoirG, the siphon D, having itsends covered by Wire-gauze or its equivalent, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my nzune this 12th day of December, A. D. 187 7 FEARGUS -B. SQUIRE.

Witnesses:

W. W. WHARTON, J No. T. MADDOX. 

